Ten words carry legal and policy writing: 法律, 政策, 政府, 权利, 责任, 制度, 公民, 规定, 改革 and 社会.
Both are quán lì. 权利 is a right, an entitlement a citizen holds. 权力 is power, the authority an office wields. One character apart, no help from the pronunciation, and the two appear in the same paragraph often enough that guessing from context fails. This is the pair to over-practice by hand, because writing is where the distinction actually lives.
政 gives 政策 and 政府 and carries on into 政治. The 制 of 制度 is the same 制 as in 制定, to formulate a law, and in 控制. 规定 works as verb and noun in one shape: 法律规定 says the law stipulates, while 按照规定 points at the regulations themselves. 公民 is a legal status, distinct from 人民 as a political collective. Note the measure word too — laws are counted with 条, as in 这条法律.
Trace each guided row, cover the model, and write it again. Read your example sentences aloud, because policy vocabulary stacks up into long noun phrases and hearing them helps you parse them. Carry on to the HSK 6 lessons hub, or check which measure word a noun takes with the Chinese measure word finder.
Words on this worksheet: 法律 (fǎlǜ) — Law; 政策 (zhèngcè) — policy; 政府 (zhèngfǔ) — government; 权利 (quánlì) — Right; 责任 (zérèn) — responsibility; 制度 (zhìdù) — system; 公民 (gōngmín) — citizen; 规定 (guīdìng) — Regulations; 改革 (gǎigé) — reform; 社会 (shèhuì) — Socioty. Hear these words in beginner Mandarin songs.权利 is a right, an entitlement held by a person or citizen. 权力 is power, the authority exercised by an office or institution. Both are pronounced quán lì, so only the written form separates them, which is why handwriting practice pays off here.
Both, without changing form. 法律规定 uses it as a verb meaning the law stipulates, while 按照规定 uses it as a noun meaning according to the regulations. Position in the sentence tells you which reading is intended.
公民 is a legal category: a citizen with rights and duties under the law. 人民 is the people as a political collective, the word in institutional names. Legal texts prefer 公民 precisely because it is narrower and more technical.
条 is the usual one, giving 这条法律 for this law, since 条 covers long, item-like things including rules and clauses. 套 is used for a whole body or system of law. Regulations under 规定 also commonly take 条 or 项.