Ten words off the financial pages: 金融, 股票, 基金, 投资, 银行, 市场, 企业, 资本, 利润 and 风险.
行 carries two readings and finance uses the less common one. As háng it means a line, a trade or a firm — 同行 is someone in your line of work, 行业 is an industry — so a 银行 is literally a silver firm. Reading it as yín xíng is the most audible mistake in this set. The metal keeps going: 金 sits inside 金融 and 基金, and the 银 of 银行 carries 钅, the compressed form of 金.
股票 is a share plus a 票, the certificate word you already know from 发票, 车票 and 门票. 基金 is a base of money, hence a fund. 风险 is wind plus danger, and its 险 returns in 危险 and in 保险, insurance being what you buy against risk. Three field names are worth keeping apart while reading: 金融 is finance and banking as a sector, 财务 is a company's own accounting, and 财政 is government or public finance.
Trace the guided strokes, then write each word from memory and read the row aloud so that the 行 of 银行 settles as háng. Carry on to the HSK 6 lessons hub, or work the earlier layer of this vocabulary on the HSK 5 business and economy sheet.
Words on this worksheet: 金融 (jīnróng) — Finance; 股票 (gǔpiào) — shares, stock; 基金 (jījīn) — fund; 投资 (tóuzī) — Investment; 银行 (yínháng) — Bank; 市场 (shìchǎng) — market; 企业 (qǐyè) — enterprise; 资本 (zīběn) — capital; 利润 (lìrùn) — profit; 风险 (fēngxiǎn) — risk. Hear these words in beginner Mandarin songs.行 has two readings. As xíng it means to go or to be acceptable; as háng it means a line, trade or commercial firm, which is the sense in 银行, 同行 and 行业. A bank is a silver firm, so the second reading is the correct one.
金融 is finance and banking as a sector, the word in 金融市场. 财务 is a company's internal financial affairs and accounting. 财政 is public or government finance, as in a national budget. News writing keeps all three distinct.
股票 is 股, a share or portion, plus 票, a certificate or ticket — the same 票 as in 发票 and 车票. 基金 is 基, a base or foundation, plus 金, money, giving the sense of a pooled fund. Both decode neatly once you separate the halves.
险, meaning danger. It appears in 危险 for danger itself and in 保险 for insurance, which is literally protection against risk. Tracking 险 across the three words makes each easier to hold than learning them one at a time.